{"id":147,"date":"2017-09-19T03:16:29","date_gmt":"2017-09-19T03:16:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/gcornish.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/MHS123_Fall2017\/?p=147"},"modified":"2017-09-19T03:16:29","modified_gmt":"2017-09-19T03:16:29","slug":"evolution-of-the-trumpet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gcornish.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/MHS123_Fall2017\/uncategorized\/evolution-of-the-trumpet\/","title":{"rendered":"Evolution of The Trumpet"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b>The Modern Trumpet<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The metal Trumpet has been around for thousands of years, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.wwbw.com\/the-music-room\/a-brief-history-of-the-trumpet\">dating back to around 1500 B.C<\/a>.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A basic trumpet is not difficult at all to make, believe it or not. When I was about 4 years old, I would buzz my lips into a plastic funnel and was able to get a sound out of it. This is not that much different from the earliest versions of trumpets. All you need is a tube, theoretically. Here is a video of a man demonstrating this:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Trumpet From A Tube\" width=\"525\" height=\"295\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/MgzBb3OhFkw?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">So how do we get from simple tubes to the shiny triumphant metal beasts that we are so familiar with today? Before the 1800\u2019s, the trumpet had very limited facility. Since there were no valves or holes, the person playing it would have to use air, embouchure, and tongue position to change the note. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.earmaster.com\/music-theory-online\/ch04\/chapter-4-6.html\">These notes are referred to as partials, and are limited to the harmonic series. <\/a><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0Since they were limited to the harmonic series, the trumpet\u2019s role in music was focused around military events and bugle calls. However, when the valve system was invented in the 1800\u2019s they were then able to play in chromatic musical contexts. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.yamaha.com\/en\/musical_instrument_guide\/trumpet\/structure\/structure002.html\">The valves reroute the air blowing through the trumpet to change the distance your air travels from mouthpiece to the bell <\/a><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, which ends up changing the note. There are 7 different valve combinations, each one having its own harmonic series. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Since then there have been minor innovations to the trumpet, yet it has remained a relatively consistent design for the past 100 years or so. Nowadays trumpets are very customizable in regards to metal type, bore size, mouthpiece type\/size, key (C\/Bb\/Eb\/etc), and finish, yet they all stick to the same basic formula. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Technical Advancements in Player Ability\/Extended Technique <\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Since the trumpet has gotten more advanced, the playing ability has also increased. Many technical advancements in the player have occurred recently in the 20th and 21st Century. A few noteable players are Rafael Mendez, Allen Vizzutti, Louis Armstrong, Laurie Frink, Woody Shaw, Peter Evans, and Ambrose Akinmusire. All of these people have pushed trumpet to technical limits that were thought to be unreachable. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Many technical innovations of trumpet players have happened in the Jazz idiom. This makes sense since jazz music is constantly exploring boundaries. One of the greatest innovators was <a href=\"http:\/\/www.npr.org\/sections\/ablogsupreme\/2013\/08\/14\/210572029\/woody-shaw-the-last-great-trumpet-innovator\">Woody Shaw <\/a><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, who explored large interval improvisation, especially with 4ths and 5ths. Intervals are very difficult on the trumpet. They require a relaxed embouchure and air flow, which is counter intuitive when you try to perform them. Ambrose Akinmusire is a modern trumpet player who also has a very intervallic style of improvising, taking it even further than Woody Shaw. Ambrose also tends to emulate the human voice frequently by pushing the valves halfway down to get a muffled and slippery timbre. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Peter Evans is perhaps one of the greatest technical trumpet players to ever live, and has taken trumpet to its limits. He plays high, fast, slow, intervallically, and melodically, all with ease. Evans\u2019 music is also highly experimental and crosses over into the avante garde umbrella. He uses what we call \u201cextended techniques\u201d to create sounds on the trumpet that are totally unique to him, and require masterful technique. This makes Peter Evans a great innovator of the trumpet. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Peter Evans- solo trumpet:  Mirrors of Infinity\" width=\"525\" height=\"295\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/UDxAQ_gBbn0?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>The Electronic Trumpet<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The <a href=\"http:\/\/www.brucecassidymusic.com\/the-evi\/\">EVI (Electronic Valve Instrument)<\/a> is an electronic wind instrument created by Nyle Steiner.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">It uses the bottom half of the octave fingerings for trumpet, and the rest is controlled by the octave dial and partial key. This is a wind powered instrument that uses MIDI technology to create sounds. This means that the entire soundscape for trumpet players has opened widely since this was created. It also allows the person to play in 8 octaves, instead of 2 or 3. This is a major innovation that was conceptualized with a trumpet in mind, and a ton of beautiful music has come out of its creation. A couple notable EVI players are John Daversa and John Swana. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"John Daversa Small Band | Some Happy Shit (LIVE)\" width=\"525\" height=\"295\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/TyR5uNi6SwI?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">There have been many major innovations of the trumpet since its creation, but many of those innovations have happened in the last 200-300 years. I\u2019m excited to see what the next \u201cbig thing\u201d is.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Modern Trumpet The metal Trumpet has been around for thousands of years, dating back to around 1500 B.C.\u00a0A basic trumpet is not difficult at all to make, believe it or not. When I was about 4 years old, I would buzz my lips into a plastic funnel and was able to get a sound &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gcornish.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/MHS123_Fall2017\/uncategorized\/evolution-of-the-trumpet\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Evolution of The Trumpet&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":19,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-147","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-everyday-technologies","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gcornish.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/MHS123_Fall2017\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/147","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gcornish.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/MHS123_Fall2017\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gcornish.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/MHS123_Fall2017\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gcornish.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/MHS123_Fall2017\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/19"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gcornish.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/MHS123_Fall2017\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=147"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/gcornish.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/MHS123_Fall2017\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/147\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":157,"href":"https:\/\/gcornish.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/MHS123_Fall2017\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/147\/revisions\/157"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gcornish.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/MHS123_Fall2017\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=147"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gcornish.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/MHS123_Fall2017\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=147"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gcornish.digitalscholar.rochester.edu\/MHS123_Fall2017\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=147"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}